Tag: Computers

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Technology

How to choose your Linux distribution? Ubuntu or Debian or CentOS or …?

Choosing the right Linux distribution can be a daunting task, especially for novice users. Linux is a versatile and powerful operating system, but it comes in many different flavors, known as distributions. Each distribution has its own unique features and capabilities, so choosing the right one for your needs can be challenging.

How to choose your Linux distribution?

One important factor to consider when choosing a Linux distribution is your level of experience. If you are new to Linux, you may want to choose a distribution that is easy to use and has a user-friendly interface. Some popular options for beginners include Ubuntu, Linux Mint, and Elementary OS. These distributions offer a simple and intuitive interface and come with a range of pre-installed software and tools to get you started.

Another factor to consider is the type of tasks you will be performing with your Linux system. If you are a software engineer, you may want to choose a distribution that comes with a range of tools and development environments pre-installed. Some popular options for engineers include Fedora, CentOS, and Debian. These distributions are known for their robust set of software development tools and support for a wide range of programming languages.

It is also worth considering the type of hardware you will be using with your Linux system. Some distributions are optimized for specific types of hardware, such as low-power devices or high-performance servers. If you have specific hardware requirements, you may want to choose a distribution that is optimized for your hardware.

Finally, it is important to consider the level of support and community support available for the distribution you choose. Linux is an open-source operating system, so many distributions have active communities of users and developers who can provide support and advice. It is worth checking online forums and communities to see which distributions are well-supported and have a strong community presence.

In conclusion, choosing the right Linux distribution can be a challenging task, but it is important to take the time to consider your needs and preferences. If you are a software engineer, you may want to choose a distribution that comes with a range of tools and development environments pre-installed, is optimized for your hardware, and has a strong community presence.

My recommendations:

I personally use Debian for most of my needs (AI, GPU servers, Webservers, ML servers, App Deployments, Docker images, …).

For development environments (for myself and my team), we tend to prefer Ubuntu as it provides a nice balance of “user-friendly” UIs and tools with the stability and features of the Debian it runs under the hood.

For office tasks (accounting, assistants, marketing and other teams) I recommend Ubuntu desktop.

Categories
Technology Apple Mac

Can’t login after OS X Lion install/upgrade : SOLVED

After installing the latest upgrade for Mac OS X, the Lion, I couldn’t  login to my user account on my Macbook Pro! There was no way to log into my user. I tried to login with “root” and the root account was not available.

Basically,  all users disappear after install of Mac OS X Lion or upgrade to Lion (10.7), and you can’t login to your system.

After a little research, here is what worked for me:

Before giving you the solution, you should know that the first thing to do, is to call Apple’s customer service, and I take no responsibility for what ever might happen if you follow these instructions. They worked for my case, use at your own risk. 

 

 

Solution for Mac OS X Lion Login Error (Users disappear after upgrade to Lion):

  • Step 0 : Don’t panic, your files are not gone !

  • Step 1: Reset ROOT Password for Mac OS X Lion:

      1. Restart your Mac,
      2. Hold “Command+R” buttons just the moment your Mac starts up,
      3. Hold still…
      4. A window should appear, it says “Utilities…”
      5. From the tools menu, at the top, open “Terminal”
      6. Type “resetpassword” and hit enter
      7. A new window opens, select the System Administrator account (root) option
      8. Set a new password, easy to remember for you,
      9. Confirm and close all the windows,
      10. A question will appear as would you like to restart?
      11. Restart!

  • Step 2: Login as ROOT on Mac OS X Lion:

      1. Let the Mac startup,
      2. At login screen, type the user  name as “root” and put in the password you’ve chosen in step 1.8 above.
      3. Wait a while…
      4. You should be logged in with the “root” account to your Mac OS X Lion.

  • Step 3: Re-create your user (Reincarnation!)

      1. Right click on the “Finder” icon in the dock, select “Go to folder…”
      2. Type “/” and click on “GO” to go to your Mac’s hard drive,
      3. Navigate to the “Users” directory, you should see your own user folder, remember the folder’s name!
      4. Click the Apple logo on the left top side of the screen, select “System Preferences…”
      5. Go to “Users and Groups”
      6. Your user should not exist in the left side list, so click the small “+” button below the users list to add a new one.
      7. Set your Full name as it was previously (not very important though)
      8. Set the “Account name”  EXACTLY AS THE FOLDER NAME YOU SAW IN STEP3.3 (VERY IMPORTANT)
      9. Set an easy to remember password for your account,
      10. And hit “Create User”
      11. Confirm on “using the Existing folder for Home…”
      12. Wait….until you see your user appear on the users list…

  • Step 4: Back on the Road:

      1. Restart your Mac
      2. Login to your own account easily and get all your data back!

  • Step 5: Send me a coffee from the Donations Page.

Categories
Security Technology

Windows Delayed Write Failed Error – Solutions

Window Delayed Write Failed ? Solutions are here!


This topic is researched, tested and written by Amir Hossein Moradi.
harddriveicon
This is the third article on the Windows Delayed Write Failed error occurring with hard drives (mostly external ones with USB/Firewire/Network connections). On 28th December 2007, I wrote the Windows – Delayed Write Failed – Solved! article which had more than 190,000 views, and helped many users till date. On 9th June 2008, the second article on this topic – Windows Delayed Write Failed – Latest Solution – which had more than 34,000 views till date, was out and is still getting many users out of trouble.

Now, it’s time to write the 3rd article and sum up all possible solutions for the Windows Delayed Write Failed error.

about_write_delayed_failedAbout Delayed Write:

Windows uses a special subsystem for certain disk functions, which caches write operations and performs them when the system is idle. This can improve system performance, but it’s typically turned off by default. The term for this kind of operation is “delayed writing”.

You can see how write-caching is handled for a particular volume by right-clicking on the icon for the drive in the “Disk drives” subtree of the Device Manager and selecting the Policies tabs. The options typically are “Optimize for quick removal” (everything is written to the drive immediately) and “Optimize for performance” (writes are cached).

about_write_delayed_failedAbout the error:

“Windows Delayed Write Failed” error occurs usually when the caching process gets interrupted or the files to be cached get corrupted, either because of a drive failure, a cable failure, or a USB interface fail!
This error might happen to brand new drives as well as good working old ones.

write_delayed_causeCause:

This error might be caused by several factors:

  • Cache settings
  • System Restore settings
  • Device drivers
  • Media error, drive failure
  • USB/Firewire host controllers
  • Drive overheating
  • Mis-configured BIOS settings
  • Ultra Direct Memory Access (UDMA) mis-configuration
  • Unmatched cables
  • Faulty cables
  • Memory parity conflict
  • Power management drivers

 

write_delayed_solutionResolutions:

Here are different resolutions to the problem, I’ve arranged them in such a way that the most probable and easy to apply is at the top of the list. Read all resolutions carefully before any attempt on your drive(s) and/or computer(s).

1. System Restore Settings:

Users reported that Windows might try to write system restore data on the external drive, or try to monitor the drive in case of a system crash. This procedure might be a cause for the Delayed Write Failed error. What to do is quite simple. Just follow this photo tutorial:

Open your Control Panel:
click-control-panel

Open System:
control-panel-windows-xp

Go to System Restore tab, choose your external drive, and click the Settings button:
System-restore-settings-windows-xp

Check the Turn off System Restore on this drive checkbox and click OK:
system-restore-monitoring-settings-windows-xp

Now, you need to restart your computer, and if System Restore configuration was the issue, it should be solved.

2. Device drivers:

Some older RAID device drivers are known to cause the Write Delayed Failed issue, so do check with you hardware manufacturer for the latest device drivers.
I suggest that you check for:

  • latest RAID drivers for your hardware,
  • latest BIOS for your motherboard,
  • latest chipset drivers,
  • latest USB hub (host controller) drivers,
  • latest graphics card drivers.

 

3. Overheating:

First thing to try is to see if your drive is not over heating!
According to Seagate, “the operating temperature range for most Seagate hard drives is 5 to 50 degrees Celsius”.[5]
This is true for most of hard drives on the market, either you have a Maxtor, Seagate, Samsung, Western Digital or other brands of hard drive, you should keep it under 50 degrees Celsisus ( equivalent to 122 degrees Fahrenheit)

4. Faulty cables:

Check your cables!
Old USB (or FireWire) cables, can be faulty and cause packet loss. Faulty cables can cause severe damage to your hardware, so check your cables and it’s recommended that you buy some new and good quality cables.

5. Unmatched cables:

Check your cables, again!
If you got an IDE drive, then you should check the connector to be the right one! You are using a 40-wire connector cable to connect the UDMA drive to the controller instead of the required 80-wire, 40-pin cable! Fix this and you should be finished.
Read this article from Microsoft:  You receive an error message when you save or move documents in Windows XP: “Delayed Write Failed”

6. Mis-configured BIOS settings:

When your computer starts, click the “Del” button (or F2) to go to the BIOS Setup of your motherboard. (Check your motherboard documentation  for a detailed how-to).
“This error typically occurs when the “Enable write caching on the disk” feature for your hard disk is turned on.
However, if the “Enable write caching on the disk” feature is turned off, this error can occur because the Ultra Direct Memory Access (UDMA) hard disk controller may be configured in either of the following ways:
– You are using a 40-wire connector cable to connect the UDMA drive to the controller instead of the required 80-wire, 40-pin cable.
– The BIOS settings are configured to force faster UDMA modes.” [6]
so, check for Ultra Direct Memory Access (UDMA) mis-configuration!

7. Cache settings:

As described in my previous article, Windows Delayed Write Failed – Latest Solution , incorrect cache settings may cause the Write Delayed Failed error to occur, so you should check the cache settings for your computer and controllers. Read the article to find out all the details.

8. USB/Firewire host controllers:

After a lot of research on the Write Delayed Failed issue with different types and brands of hard drives on different PCs, I’ve come to the conclusion that, this error is usually caused by the USB/Firewire Host Controller, which is usually built-in on the motherboard.
To rectify this error, you should buy a recent PCI USB expansion card and add it to your PC. These cards cost around 20$ and are easy to install and need usually no specific configuration. But you should know that once you installed a PCI USB card, you should connect your hard drive only to this card’s USB ports.
Remember to not connect your drive to a faulty USB hub, and avoid external USB hubs without power supply adapter.

9. Media error, drive failure:

This is one of the worst case senarios. As hard disk drives are mechanical parts of your computer, they may go faulty and fail some day. You might want to do a hard disk check to find out the overall health of your drive. Checking a drive for bad sectors, or checking with the Spin Rite tool (https://grc.com/), and also using the S.M.A.R.T. technology to determine the overall perfomances and  health status of a drive are recommended.
Use your favorite search engine, to find a free S.M.A.R.T. monitor tool which will tell you about the drive’s health.

10. Memory parity conflict:

Even if this is one of the most rare causes to the Windows Delayed Write Failed error, but it should not be left out. In older motherboards, if the error message appears after you’ve inserted a new RAM, the incompatibility of the new RAM with the older one(s) might cause this type of errors. In this case, I would recommend that you check for memory compatibility and use the same BUS when matching RAMs. You may want to consider upgrading to recent hardware.

11. Power Management drivers:

As mentioned by some users, in some cases, disabling the Power Management feature of Windows, solves the issue. To do so, go to “Control Panel”, go to “Power Options” and set the “Turn off hard disks” to “Never”. Disable Power management softwares if you can to see if that solves the issue.

References:

1- Great comments from Gibni’s Visitors!
2 – https://gibni.com/technology/windows-delayed-write-failed-solved/
3- https://gibni.com/technology/windows-delayed-write-failed-2/
4- https://searchwinit.techtarget.com/tip/0,289483,sid1_gci1041334,00.html
5- https://www.tomshardware.co.uk/forum/page-261614_10_0.html
6- https://support.microsoft.com/kb/330174

Special Thanks to:

You, dear visitor, for spending your time reading my articles,
My friends and family for supporting and motivating me,
and all people who contributed to this article with their comments, experiences and critics.

Categories
Technology

Windows Delayed Write Failed – Latest Solution

UPDATE: Latest article: Window Delayed Write Failed – Solutions –> 

A while back, I wrote a post about the “Windows Delayed Write Failed” error message, and I presented ways to resolve the problem. That worked for many people.

 

Recently, after installing a fresh copy of Windows XP (with SP3), I got the same problem, and I tried everything I knew to solve it, but no luck!! As the problem’s to do with the USB caching and data transfered from the cache to the disk, I went to my favorite search engine again!

 

The last thing I found, which solved the problem is to use a piece of software from SysInternals (actually aquired by Microsoft) called Cacheset !

cacheset_scr

 

Easy Steps to do:

– Download Cacheset.zip from my Downloads Page,

– Extract it somewhere on your computer,

– Run Cacheset.exe from where you extracted the file,

– Click on “Clear” button to clear the current working cache.

– Set the maximum working cache to either 64 MB or 128 MB,

– Click Apply.

– Buy me a coffee if this worked for you!  (Link is in the sidebar)

 

I tried it and now, after one week of intensive tests, I didn’t get the Delayed Write Failed error! I suppose that the problem is solved.

 

Anyway, if it happens even after setting the cache, do the same process of cache setting (to 64 MB or 128 MB) again as Windows has tendency to go back to its initial configurations.

 

Note1: Test both the cases; 64 MB as cache and then 128 MB, if you get your disk working on 128 MB, so keep it, as it runs faster.

Note 2: When applying the “Working set maximum” value in Cacheset, calculate the number by multiplying the required cache by 1024. example:  64*1024=65536 which is the value you should give.

 

PLEASE GIVE FEEDBACK!

This is tested and it works! Digg it if useful.

 

UPDATE : Latest article: Window Delayed Write Failed – Solutions –>